Pulverizing-mill.



m. 673,856. Patented May 7, I90l.

.H. L. KENT.

PULVERIZING MILL.

, (Application filed. Feb. 8, 1898.\ (HnIModeL) 7 2 Sheets-Shoat I.

No. 673,856. Pata nted May 7, mm.

H. KENT. PULVERIZING MILL.

- (Application filed Feb. 8, 1896.) (No Model.) '2 Shoots-Shoet 2.

I INVENTOR: OKUW Q By lzis Azzarneys,

gran ulating,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICBa onAou L. KENT, or BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GEORGE FRASER, OF SAME PLACE.

PU LVERlZlNG-MILL.

syncmxoa'rxorr formingpart of Letters Patent No. 67:3}656. dated May '1,

Aunlicittion'fled February a, 1898. Saris-1N0. 669,615. (Nomodeh) 1'0 aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HORACE L. KENT, a citizen of the United States, residing in Brooklyn, in the county of Kings, city and State, of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pulverizing-Mills, of which the following is a-specification.

This inventionrelates to mills for crushing, or pulverizing'rock, quartz, ores, and other materials.

It relates to that olass of mills in which the material is crushed betweeut interior of a revolving ring and the exterior of a roll within said ring.

According to this 7 7 ring is a free ring yielding ly supported by one or more crushing-rolls, which it encircles. A'ccordingtothe preferred construction a plurality of rolls (preferably three) is employed, the rolls being pressed outwardly against the ring by springs to generate the requisite crushing, pressure. The rolls not only uphold the. weight of the ring, but also yieldingly support it against the crushing pressure. Thus the pressure exerted by one roll against the inner face of the ring is transmitted through the ring to. the other roll, (or rolls,)

so that the crushing pressure is distributed between the rolls. In the preferred arrangement with three rolls the uppermost roll is placed within the upper side of the ring and serves to carry the weight of the ring and to revolve it, .while the two'lower rolls arepressed by their springs outwardly against the ring to generate the requisite crushing pressure, this pressure being substantially equalized by the yielding or displacement of the ring, which assumes such position as to establish equilibrium between the forces acting upon it. The rolls and ring are inolosed in a suitable casing, aud meansis provided for feeding the material into this casing and between one of the rolls and the ring.

Figure l of the accompanying drawings is a side elevatiouof this mill, being partly broken away to show the ulterior construction and partly in vertical mid-section. Fig. 9 s an end elevation, -11 right-hand half-be, i'n. in vertical mid-sec. n and the lower part o the'left-hand half being al o in section.

invention the crushingequipments,

Fig. 3-is an elevation of the feeder, which is only partly shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a verticrl mid-section of the feeder. Figs. 5 and 6 are sections showing details of the bearing Fig. 7 is a'diagrarn of the workingparts of the mill. Figs. 8, 9, and 10 are similardiagralnsshowing modifications. Fig. 11,is a fragmentary section answering to Fig. 5, Referring'to'the drawings, and especially to Figs. 1 and 2, A is the inelosing casing, B is the revolving crushing-ring, and C O are the crushing-rolls within the ring, preferably three in number, as shown. The riug'B is supported Wholly upon the three rolls 0 C, which latter-are pressed outwardlyagaiust the ring by means of suitable springs. The rolls are fixed on shafts D D,which extend horizontally out through openings in the casing and are held in bearingsE E on opposite sides t the casing. These bearings are fixed or mounted. on movable guiding frames or slides F F, the principal purpose of which is to connect together the two bearings of each shaft,.llold... them in alinement, and provide for transmitting the spring-pressure to them. These frames may be variously constructed; but I prefer the construction shown, in which the frames are constructed as slides, each one consisting of two parallel longitudinally-sliding bars a a,-the inner ends of which carry the bearings and the outer endsof which are fixed-,in a cross-head b, extending across outside of the casing and receiving at itemiddle' the thrust of a. spring S, by whichthe pressure is impartedfor thrusting the roll against the ring. head I) is formed with a socket 0, into which oneeud of said spring projects, while the other end reacts. against the exterior of the casing .The stress-of the spring .is adjusted by means of a screw cl, which screws through the cross-head, and its inner end bears upon a disk e, against which the spring presses, so that by forcing this disk in by the screw the spring may be more or less com- Preferably the middle of the cross-- IOC vide the hopper with dust-retaining doors n Ways or bearings formed on the casing, be-

irig preferably tubular bearings g g, shown as cast integrally with the casing.

The ring B is revolved solely by frictional inches internal diameter,- shouldhave a minimum speed on its inner face. of about three hundred and fifty feet per minute.

The casingA maybe andgive support for the fram'esF, carrying being cast in two parts at the middle, so-that the upper half can be disconnected and lifted Y ing passage of, any

' hopper G, (shown in.Figs

off to enable the ring to be' removed;

The revolving ring on opposite sides between stationary internal projections within the casing,

Fig. 2, on opposite sides of thering 'su fii ciently wide to permit .the escape of granulated or pulverized material, while preventmaterial been crushed. As'therei against thesefi'xed annular surfaces, it is, preferable ;not to make them integral with thecasing, and for this purpose I construct them'as separatecheek-pieces or fixed rings H H, preferably 'divided in "the same plane as the casing, which are'fas'tened in the easing by screws at intervals or otherwise, and which are preferably cut away at the bottom (wholly-or partly)'t o form ope'ningsjj for the more ready discharge of the crushed or pul- 'verized material."- p l The material to be crushed is fed through thekc asing into the interior of the ring B and onto the descending side of ,one of the rolls 0, so that the descent of the material will draw'i t in between faces of the ring androll. "Iprefer to feed .in simulta'neouslyat both sides, but one side willsuflice. The material is deposited in a l and'3,v) which branchesat its'bottom into two chutes la it.

which terminate over upright chutes I formedpnthe opposite sides of the casing A. These chute'sextend downoutside the casing proper and terminate each with a bottom incline I, Fig, 2, which directs the material through an opening min the casing 'a'hd, throwing itacros's the stationary ring H, discharges it withinthe revolvingring. 1 c

To prevent the escape'of dust through the feedin'g-chutesand hopper, I prefer to pro- 11, the pivotal rods of'which carry onthe out upper roll, as thereby the'wehgh't .as the material is feeding I of any suitable shape .or construction adapted to inclose the rolls v the roll-shafts. The 'preferred,- the casing divided horizontally construction shown is the lower part of the B is closely en ibraced preferably annular,so as to leave only narrow spaces 72,.

n that has notyet s considerable wear I justing-boltss s.

[maybe governed in two ways,

the mutually-approaching.

' Shafts D of the heal-in gs.

side weighted arms n, so that the doors tend to remain closed in the horizontal position, as shown in Fig. 1. When,- however, asufiioient weight of material is fed into the hopper, these doors yield and swing downwardly, dumping the material down the chutes, and may remain open, as shown in Fig. 4, as long in, afterward immediatly'closing to prevent escape of dust.

To provide for a uniform feed readily adjustable to the requirements of difierent ma; terials'and to dilferent' rates of feed, I provide the mill by preference with the constructionof feeder shown in Figs. '1, 3,.and 4. This consists of a'receiving-h'opper J, fixedly supported on brackets J, with a vibrating chute or shaker K, freely suspended beneath it, and an agitator for thischuteconsisting of a. cam 19, carried on a revolving shaft L,

this shaft being driven-in any suitable mannor-as, for example, by pulleys q, belted, as in Fig. 2, to pulleys The shaker K has side flangeswhich inclose hopper J, audit is hung from the hopper by three adjustable screws or bolts, two of ,which, s s, are arranged at 'r on the driving-shaft.'

the opposite sides, whilea third,t, is arranged at the back. These bolts are so adjusted that the shaker is struck and slightly lifted at each revolution to it a frequent jarring or vibratory movement, ,The' extent to which it is lifted at each movement may be determined by ad The rapidity of movement first, by varyingfthe speed of the shaft L byrunning its driving-belt on one .or other of the pairs. ofv pulleys q r, and, second, by adjusting the inclination of the shaker, adj ustmentof the'bolt t.

which is efiected by an at its steepest inclination in Fig. 1, adapted by the cam 10, so as to impart The shaker is shownv forgiving the most rapid feed, and inFig. 4

is shown lowered to more nearly alevel p0- The feed v siti'on forgiving a slower feed.

I'IO

mayalso be adjusted by means of aslide M,

movable in the hopper J, to the front outlet thereof. v v v I p'rovidemeans for protecting thejournalbearings E E against admission'of dust or loss closed by shaft's, each is providedlwith a thrust-collar more-or less cover of oil. The outer ends ofthe journalsof the f (except the driving-shaft) are inmeansof caps tau, formed in-halves I and fastened byscrews to the opposite halves To prevent end thrust of the ingand prevents .the escapeof oil. ,At the ing A, I provide a dust-excluding sists of acasing made opposite end of each bearing next to the caspackinge box P. (Shown-.in Figs, 5 and 6.) This conin'halves and fastened. 1 30- by'screws to the respectivehalves ofthe bear-I.

ing E open at top, fibrous material may so that waste ,or' other-,5 be packed intoit in order ,to closely embrace the shaft and prevent-any shafts D by one or more'crushing-rolls, which iten- .circles, and that these rolls turn upon axes dust or grit'working along the shaft into the hearing. The subdivisions in the caps to and boxes P are made in the same planes as those of the respective bearings E. I

The casing A is constructed with slots or openings suitably arranged for facilitating, assembling,ordismountingthe machine. The top half of the casing has an upright slot to extending from the shaft D to the joint between the sections, so that when the upper half is to be lifted off from the lower the upper shaft D may be lowered through said slot. The lower half of the casing is provided with angular or curved slots w, through which, the upper half being removed either of the lower may be lifted out. These slots may be'normally closed by thin plates or sheets of metal, leather, &c.,'to prevent escape of dust from the interior.

It is characteristic of my invention that the ring B is a loose or free ring supported solely which are substantially stationary as distinguished from axes which revolve around a main axis with a planetary motion. The ring is thus cushioned upon the springs S S, which press against these rolls, so that when any hard material enters between the ring and one of the rolls both the ring and roll may yield, the roll yielding by com pressing its spring and the ring being displaced against the other rolls and compressing their springs. The ring is made concave in cross-section on its inner face, and the rolls are made with convex faces conforming thereto, so that the ring tends to run centrally upon the rolls; but in case any thickmaterial enters upon one side it maybe thrust sidewise until it strikes one of the fixed rings H. The ring being cushioned by the spring mounted rolls, the machine runs quietly and with the minimum of jar and vibration. I prefer to employ thr'ee rolls, as already described and as shownin the dia gram Fig. 7. My invention is not, however,

limited to three rolls, being applicable witha greater or less number. In Fig. 8 I have shown four rolls, all being pressed outward in the direction of the'radiating arrows. In.

Fig. 9 I have shown two rolls at diametrically opposite points. In all these constructions the crushing pressure is not dependent upon the weight of the ring, but is determined by an adjustment of the stressof the cushioning-springs. In the construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2 this adjustment is efiected by means of the screws (1 d, By means of these screws the pressure of each lower roll against the ring may be varied from zero up to any desired limit-say, for example, twenty thousand pounds. The springs should be adj usted equally (except to the extent that the weight of the ring adds to the stress of the upper spring) in order to preservethe ring in the center of the casing. Practical use of this mill has demonstrated that by varying the adjustment of the three springs the mill can be used as a granulator, working as coarse as an eight-mesh screen or as a pulverizer up to a fineness of two hundred mesh.

In Fig. 10 I have shown a modification in which the weight of the "ring is alone relied upon to give the crushing pressure, the ring Y being supported on only one crushing-r0110, arranged at its upper side and cushioned on a spring S, the construction being the same as if the two lower rolls and their accessories in Figs. 1 and 2 were removed. In such construction the ringwill require to be guided either by mounting guide-rolls y y (shown in dotted lines) exterior to the ring to preventits swaying too far to either side, orby mount ing similar rolls within the ring in the positions approximately of the two lower rolls in Figs. land 2, or by mounting a single combinedguiding and crushing roll in the position shown at C. in Fig. 10. The material entering at the opening on falls upon the inner surface of the ring, is carried around centrifugally, and is crushed between the ring and the roll C with a pressure depending upon the weight of the ring. This construction is not recommended, as the ring is not adequately supported and the crushing pressure is not adjustable; but it has nevertheless the advantage peculiar to my invent-ion that the ring is a free ring, supported and driven by a crushing-roll which it encircles and which revolves .on a stationary axis and which is spring-mounted, so as to cushion the revolving ring.

Fig, 11 shows afurther improvement in the 'means for excluding dust from 'thebearings,

preferred for many purposes over that shown in Fig. 5. -The packing-box P is removed somewhat farther from the hearing, and between-is'a water-chamber Q, iuclosing the shaft and having water inlet and outlet pipes a: and m", by which a small stream of water is caused to flow around the shaft to cool it in case the mill is used for grinding hot mate- -rial and to wash ofi any grit that may have worked its way through the packing-box P. The pipes at: are connected by sections of flexible hose with'a source of water, and the pipes The waterm lead to any suitable waste. chamber Q mayor may not communicate with the packing-box P.

I have shown in Fig. 2, indotted lines, one.

means of supporting the mill on beams of wood and also the application of a screwconveyor z beneath the-open bottom of.the

casing to carry away the powdered material.

It is an important feature of my. invention that the revolving ring beingsupported by an internal crushing-roll at its upper side receives at one or more lower points the outward pressure of one or more additional crushing-rolls, which are mounted in yielding bearings and pressed against the ring by suitable yielding means, such as, preferably, by springs. Preferably a single upper roll supports the weight of the rin while two lower rolls press yieldingly botl inownand independent of that of. the ring alone is made sary to provide than for relatively soft materials, and hence the pressure of the rolls is increased by setting in-their adjusting-screws. The mill is not rendered inoperative if the screws beset insofar asto close the springs togethen so as to practically eliminate their elasticity, but its. capacity cap'abilitybf such adjustmentiis however;

' rolls within said ring,

' cushion the roll s..

springs.

shafts turning on axes, a revolving advantageous, as it enables the mill to be adapted for pulverizing to extreme fineness when required.

I claim as iny,inventio n"the following-de-,

fined novel features, substantially as hereinbefore specified, namely: v r 1. A pulveriz'ing-iniil comprising in combination a revolving ringand a spring-mounted crushing-roll turning on a substantially stationaryaxis, said'ring, whereby the ring isflfree and is cushi'oned onits supporting-roll.

2. Apulverizing-mill comprising in combination a revolvin'g ring and a plurality of turning on substa tially stationary axes, one of said rolls supporting the ring, and a spring arranged to press said roll outwardly against the ring, whereby the ring is 'cusbioned on said roll.

3. pulverizingeinill comprising in combination a revolving ring and a plurality of rolls within said ring and supporting-the latter, and springs arranged to resist the inward displacement of said rolls to thereby 4. A pulverizing-mill comprisingin combination a plurality of crushing-rolls turning on substantially stationary axes, a revolving ring' encircling and, supported by said rolls, and means for causing the rolls tohug the ring thus generating a crushing-pressure between the rolls ander'ingindependent of the .weight of t-hei'rihg.

'5. A p'ulverizing-mill comprising in combination a plurality of crushing-rolls and their substantially stationary ring encircling and supported by saidr'olls', saidshafts, springs forforcing said bearings outwardly to press the rollsagainst therin'g,

and means foradjustingi the tensionofi said 6. pulverizing-millgcomprisinga revolv- 8 ring,

suppor n s idrina ss 'm a for pressing whereby the h Q P H Q is materially reduced. The

arranged within and supporting to yield closing said rolls inner face of said 1 section and the outer faces of said rolls being convex and conforming thereto; and yielding the ring, whereby the ring is centered andheld against lateral'displacement. 8. The combination casing inclosing said for the shaft of said said casing,

roll and ring, bearings a spring applied to such frame-for pressing the bearings outwardly, whereby the roll is yieldingl y mounted;

, 9. The'combination of tially stationary axes, a revolving ring encirthem in alinement;

=10. The combination withcrushing-rolls and their shafts, turning'on substantially stationary axes,a revolving ring encircling said rolls,

opposite sides of said casing, a sliding frame for the bearings of-one such shaft extending on said casing for said frame, and a springapplied to said frame for pressing its bearings outwardly.

revolving-ring, a

within and supporting said ring, a casing inand ring, and fixed rings within said casing on opposite sides ring, whereby narrow spaces'are left the revolving ring and fixed rings which the material, and constructed with outlet-openings formed inv said fixed rings at their lower sides for-facilitating escape of the pulverized material.

movable bearings for combined with three crushing-rolls i rnfi them. utwa lysg n t he ingr ing-ringand aplurality of crushing-rolls with- ,in and'supporting said ring, one of said rolls being arranged at thetop and beneath the bearings for said shafts, and driving means by the weight'of the ring and the tension'of tion for driving the ring.

13. The combination of a revolving ring, a

'ring'gisgyieldinglysnpported,at

7: Apulverizing-mill comprisinga plurality of crushing-'rolls,-a free revolving ring encircling and supported solely by said rolls, the

ring being concave in crossmeans for forcing the rolls outwardlyagainst a plurality of" of and normally slightly out 'of contact with said between through pulverized material mayesoape; but'preventing the escape of the uncrushed' 12. The combination of a revolving crush upper side of the ringfshaftson which said' .rolls are mounted spring pressed yielding the lower rolls-areutilized-to impart tl1etrac-,

crushin -rolland its shaft within said ri ng,a" I casing inclosing the ring and roll, bearings for of a revolving ring, a i crushing-roll within and supporting saidring; turning on a substantially stationary axis, a

roll on opposite sides of a movable frame for said bearing s extending on opposite'sides of'the cas+ ing for holding the'bearings in alinement, and" a plurality'of crushl ing-rolls and their shafts, turning on su bstancling and supported by said rolls, the bearings for said shafts, and a movable frame uniting the opposite bearings of one shaft to'hold a casing inclosing said rolls and, ring, bearings for theroll-sha'fts on I-OO on opposite sides: of the casing forholding the bearingsin alinement, slideways formed 11. Thecombination ofalaterally-yielding plurality of brushing-rolls Iio , applied to the shaft of said upper roll, Wheresaid shaft-outside the casing, a frame F connecting said bearings, comprising parallel bars a a sliding in guideways on the casing,

a cross-head b, and a spring reacting against the casing and pressing outwardly against said cross-head to draw the roll toward the spring and thereby press it against said ring.

14:. The combination of arevolving ring, a

crushing-roll and its shaft within said ring, a

to casing inclosing the ring and roll, bearings for said shaft outside the casing, a frame connecting said bearings comprising parallel side portionson opposite sides of the casing, and

a cross-head joining them, a spring reacting 15 against the casing and pressing outwardly against said cross-head, and means for adjusting the tension of said spring consisting of a screw working through saidcross-head and engaging the end of the spring.

15. The combination of a plurality of crushing-rolls and their shafts, a revolving ring encircling and supported by-said rolls, a casing divided horizontally into an upper and lower section, the shafts of said rolls passing out 2 5 through the respective sections of said casing, and said casing formed with slots where said shafts pass through it, which slots extend to the subdivision of said casing to facilitate the removal of the shafts from the divided o casing.

16. The combination with arevolvingcrushing-ring, free to move axially and radially, of

a plurality of -rcrushing-rolls within and su pporting said ring, said ring being internally 5 5 concave'in cross-section and said rolls externally convex, and means for pressing said rolls relatively outward, whereby they resist axial displacement of the ring.

17. The combination with a revolving crush- 0 ingring, free to three crushing-rolls within and supporting said ring, saidring being internally concave in cross-section and said rolls externallyconvex, and means for pressing said rolls rela-- 5 tively outward, whereby they center the ring upon them and resist axial displacement thereof.

18. The combination with arevolvingcrushin g-ring,of a plurality of crushing-rolls within andencircled by said ring, oneof said rolls being near the top of the ring and supporting the latter, and another of said rolls being near the bottom of the ring and pressing downwardly on the latter, and a yielding bearing "for thelatter roll, and means for driving said ring, whereby both the weight of the ring and the downward pressure of the lower roll are utilized as crushing forces. 7 Q 19. The combination witha revolving crush= 6o ing-ring,of a plurality of crushing-rolls within and encircled by said ring, one of said rolls being near the top of the ring and supporting it, and another of said rolls being near the bottom of thering and pressing outwardly against its inner face, a yielding bearing for the latter roll, and means pressing said roll outwardly against the ring, and-means for movable both laterally and longitudinally of its axis, of a revolving roll within and en-.

circled by said ring and supporting the latter near the top of the inner periphery of the ring, said roll movable laterally of its axis and yieldingly supporting said ring, and means for driving such roll.

21. The combination with a plurality of re volving rolls mounted on substantially stationary axes. of a revolving ring encircling said rolls and engaging at its inner periphery the outer peripheries thereof, said ring movable transversely of its axis toward and f roui said rolls, and one of said rollsmovable transversely of its axis toward and from thein'ner periphery of said ring, and means for driving said ring, whereby by moving said movable roll against the face of said ring, its pressure thereagainst will be transmitted throughthe ring to the other roll, and means yieldingly pressing said movable roll against. the ring.

22. The combination with a revolving ring movable transversely of its axis, of a plurality of crushing-rolls revolving on substantially stationary axes at approximately equidistant points within the ring, said rolls encircled by the ring and engaging thereof, means for driving the ring,and means pressing one of said rolls yieldingly outwardly against the inner face of the ring, whereby such pressure from such roll is transmitted through the .ring to the other roll, and a the inner' periphery IOO,

crushing force is thus distributed between the rolls. a 23. The combination with a revolving ring move axially and radially, of

movable laterally of its axis, of a plurality of crushing-rolls within and encircled by said ring, revolving on substantially stationary axes which are movable radially of the ring, means for driving one of said parts, and means for pressing one of said rolls radially against the inner face of the ring, whereby the ring may move radially to distribute such -pressure to the several rolls.

24. The combination with a revolvingring movable laterally relatively to its axis, of a plurality of rolls within and encircled bysaid ring, revolving on substantially stationary axes and engaging the inner facesof said ring, one of said rolls movable toward and from the others, means for driving one of said parts, a casing surrounding said ring and permit ting radial movement thereof, bearing-scarried by said casing for said rolls, and means for pressing said movable roll outwardly against said ring and away from the other ally to distribute such pressure 'proportion ately to all said rolls. 7

25. The combination with a revolving ring movable radially, of a plurality of crushingrolls within and encircled by said ring, re-

:25- rolls, whereby said ring is free to movej'radii volviug" on substantially stationary axes a casing surrounding said .justed and said ring said casing to adjust its position to. proportioliately distribute the pressure to said several rolls. I

- 26. The combination witha revolving ring axiallymovable,0f three crushing-rolls revolv- I ing on substantially stationary axes, movable laterally of the axis of the ring, said rolls en--5 circled by.and bearing. against the inner pespaced apart at predetermined distances, two

of said rolls being movable transversely of their axes toward and from the inner face of the ring, means for driving one of said parts, ring, bearings for said rollsin said casing, and springs reacting against said movable rolls and said casing for pressing said "rolls outwardly against the inner face of said ring, whereby the pressure of either of said movable 'rolls "may be ad- 'can move radially in ripher'y of said ring and holding the latter in position, means'for-driving one of said parts, a casing surrounding said ring, movable bearings for said rolls, and springs reacting against said casing and said bearings for pressing the rolls outwardly against the ring, whereby-lack of uniformity in adjustment of the springs may be compensated for by radial movement of the ring, pressure at each roll proportioned. v y In witness whereof'I have-hereunto signed my namein the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

and thus the springwill automatically be .HoRAoE L. KENT. 

